Exploring Saudi Arabia’s EFL Student Identity: A Narrative Critical Approach

Tariq Elyas

Abstract


This article explores the English Foreign Language (EFL) learning identities of first year Education students against the backdrop of post 9/11 Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The study makes use of narrative analysis (Benwell & Stokoe, 2006) identifying the types of stories (master narratives) the respondents identify with, as well as how they perform their identities within these stories. The data indicate that in contrast to conservative forces within Saudi Arabia that promote a fixed Islamic/Arab identity, the student respondents firmly aligned themselves with master narratives relating to globalisation, the information age and individuality, thus pre-empting educational reforms. This study is significant since it highlights the complex learning identities of Arab youth and the need for a more sophisticated curriculum development within this context.

 


Keywords


Learning identities, global identity, discourse analysis, EFL, narrative approach, story-telling

Full Text:

PDF

References


Al-Degether, R. (2009). Teacher educators' opinion and knowledge about critical thinking and the methods they use to encourage critical thinking skills in five female teacher colleges in Saudi Arabia. Unpublished PhD, University of Kansas, Kansas.

Al-Haq, F., & Smadi, O. (1996). Spread of English and Westernization in Saudi Arabia. World Englishes, 15(3), 307-317.

Al-Issa, A. (2006). The Implication of Implementing a 'Flexible' Syllabus for ESL in the Sultanate of Oman. RELC Journal, 37(3).

Al-Shuaibi, A. (2006). The Role of Media: Between Education and Entertainment. In E. C. f. S. S. a. Research (Ed.), Arab Media in the Information Age (pp. 149-152). Abu Dhabi: Emirates Centre for Strategic Studies and Research.

Azuri, L. (2006). Debate on Reform in Saudi Arabia: The Middle East Media Research Institute

Bakhtin, M. (1981). The dialogic imagination: four essays (C. E. M. Holoquist, Trans.). Austin, Texas: University of Texas Press.

Bennett, S., Maton, K., & Kervin, L. (2008). The ‘digital natives’ debate: A critical review of the evidence. British Journal of Educational Technology, 39(5), 775-786. Retrieved from http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1467-8535.2007.00793.x

Benwell, B., & Stokoe, E. (2006). Discourse and Identity Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.

Bourdieu, P. (1986). The Forms of Capital. In J. G. Richardson (Ed.), Handbook for Theory and Research for the Sociology of Education (pp. 241-258). New York: Greenwood Press.

Byers, M. (2005). The Meanings of Global Citizenship. UBC Global Citizenship Speaker Series. Retrieved from http://www.internationalization.ubc.ca/gcss.htm#Meanings

Canagarajah, A. S. (1999). Resisting linguistic imperialism in English language teaching. New York ; London: Routledge.

Canagarajah, A. S. (2005). Reclaiming the local in language policy and practice. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Chhuon, V., Kyratzis, A., & Hudley, C. (2010). Sources of Coherence in the Life Stories of Cambodian American Women at the University. Journal of Language, Identity & Education, 9(5), 347 - 362.

Clarke, M. (2006). Beyond antagonism? The discursive construction of ‘new’ teachers in the United Arab Emirates. Teaching Education, 17(3), 225-237.

Clarke, M. (2008a). The discursive construction of an online community of practice. Journal of Pragmatics, 39.2333-2344.

Clarke, M. (2008b). Language teacher identities: Co-constructing discourse and community. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.

Clarke, M. (2009). The ethico-politics of teacher identity. Educational Philosophy & Theory, 41(2), 185-200.

Clarke, M. (2010). Doing identity work in teacher education: The case of a UAE teacher. In R. Sultana & A. Mazawi (Eds.), World Yearbook of Education 2010: Education and the Arab World: Local Dynamics, Global Resonances (pp. 145-162). New York: Routledge.

Dörnyei, Z. (2001). Motivational Strategies in the Language Classroom. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Dörnyei, Z., Csizér, K., & Németh, N. (2006). Motivation, Language Attitude and Globalisation: A Hungarian Perspective. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.

Dörnyei, Z., & Ushioda, E. (2009). Motivation, Language Identities and the L2 Self: A Theoretical Overview. In Z. Dörnyei & E. Ushioda (Eds.), Motivation, Language Identity and the L2 Self (pp. 1-9). Ontario, Canada: Multilingual Matters.

Elyas, T. (2008a). The Attitude and the Impact of American English as a Global Language within the Saudi Education System. Novitas-ROYAL (Research on Youth and Language), 2(1).

Elyas, T. (2008b). To be Americanized or not to be: The current debate of English as a global language within the Saudi education system post 9/11. In: Al-Alshikh, M. M.A.-Y., Ali; Al-Shahrani, Farhan; Al-Sherhy, Abdullah, ed. International Saudi Innovation Conference 2008, 2008b Leeds, UK. Saudi Clubs in the UK and Ireland, 98-106.

Elyas, T. (2008c). Identities and relations in pedagogy: The sociocultural meanings and micro politics of classroom interactions from a Saudi perspective. ACTA Inaugural International TESOL Conference 2008. Alice Spring, Australia: ACTA.

Elyas, T. (2008d). Power Relations in Saudi TESOL settings. LingFest 2008. Sydney, Australia: ALAA.

Elyas, T.( 2009a). Not in our religion not in our classrooms: Exploring the cultural tension between Saudi English teachers and students in a Saudi classroom. In: PHAKITI, A. (ed.) 4th University of Sydney TESOL Research Network Colloquium. Syndey.

Elyas, T.( 2009b). Post 9/11 Impact on English Language Curricula in Saudi Arabia: Trends and Reform. In: ZUCKERMANN, G. A. (ed.) First Australian Workshop on Afro-Asiatic Linguistics (AWAAL). Brisbane, Australia.

Fakhro, A. (2006). Impact of Media on Education: Reality and Ambition. In E. C. f. S. S. a. Research (Ed.), Arab Media in the Information Age (pp. 139-148). Abu Dhabi: Emirates Centre for Strategic Studies and Research.

Foucault, M. (1980). Truth and power. In C. Gordon (Ed.), Power/knowledge: Selected interviews and other writings 1972-1977. New York: Pantheon.

Gee, J. P. (1996). Social linguistics and literacies: Ideology in discourses (2nd ed.). London: Taylor & Francis.

Gee, J. P. (1999a). An introduction to discourse analysis : theory and method. London, New York: Routledge.

Gee, J. P. (1999b). Discourse analysis: Theory and method. London: Routledge.

Giddens, A. (1993). New rules of sociological method (Second ed.). Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.

Halliday, M. A. (2003). Written Language, Standard Language, Global Language. [Article]. World Englishes, 22(4), 405-418.

Halliday, M. A. K. (1983. ). On the transition from child tongue to mother tongue. Australian Journal of Linguistics, 3, 201-216.

Hofstede, G. (1983). National Cultures Revisited. Cross-Cultural Research, 18(1 January 1983), 285-305.

Jamjoom, M. I. (2010). Female Islamic Studies teachers in Saudi Arabia: A phenomenological study. Teaching and Teacher Education, 26(3), 547-558.

Kachru, B. (1997). World Englishes and English-using communities. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 17, 66-87.

Karam, I. N. (2010). Arab Youth, Education, and Satellite Broadcasting. In A. E. Mazawi & R. G. Sultana (Eds.), Education and the Arab World (pp. 300-316). New York: Routledge.

Khondker, H. (2004). Gloclaisation as globalisation: Evolution of a sociological concept. Bangladesh e-Journal of Sociology, 1(2). Retrieved from http://www.bangladeshsociology.org/Habib%20%20ejournal%20Paper%20GlobalizationHHK,%20PDF.pdf

Kluver, R. (2010). Globalisation, Informatisation, and Intercultural Communication. Retrieved from http://www.acjournal.org/holdings/vol3/Iss3/spec1/kluver.htm

Krashen, S. (Ed.). (1981). Second Language Acquisition and Second Language Learning. Oxford: Pergamon Press.

Krashen, S. D. (Ed.). (1985). The input hypothesis: Issues and implications. London and New York: Longman

Pavlenko, A. (2001). "In the world of the tradition, I was unimagined": Negotiation of identities in cross-cultural autobiographies. The International Journal of Bilingualism, 5(3), 317-344.

Pennycook, A. (1994). The cultural politics of English as an international language. London ; New York: Longman.

Pennycook, A., & Coutand-Marin, S. (2003). Teaching English as A Missionary Language. Discourse: Studies in the Cultural Politics of Education, 24(3).

Phillipson, R. (1992). Linguistic imperialism. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Phillipson, R. (1999). Voice in Global English: Unheard Chords on Crystal Loud and Clear. Applied Linguistics, 20(2), 265-276

Roberts, B. (2002). Biographical Research. Buckingham: UK: Open University.

Schiffrin, D. (1996). Narrative as self-portrait: Sociolinguistic constructions of identity. Language in Society, 25, 167-203

Scott Rigby, C., Deci, E. L., Patrick, B. C., & Ryan, R. M. (1992). Beyond the intrinsic-extrinsic dichotomy: Self-determination in motivation and learning. Motivation and Emotion, 16(3), 165-185.

Solomonides, I., & Reid, A. (2009). Understanding the relationships between student identity and engagement with studies. Paper presented at the HERDSA The Student Experience.

Tollefson, J. (2000). Policy and ideology in the spread of English. In J. Kelly Hall & W. Eggington (Eds.), The sociopolitics of English language teaching. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.3n.5p.28

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

2012-2023 (CC-BY) Australian International Academic Centre PTY.LTD

International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature

To make sure that you can receive messages from us, please add the journal emails into your e-mail 'safe list'. If you do not receive e-mail in your 'inbox', check your 'bulk mail' or 'junk mail' folders.