An Investigation of the Listening Comprehension Strategies Used by Iranian EFL Learners

Samira Aliakbari Mianmahaleh, Ramin Rahimy

Abstract


The main goal of this investigation was to identify the listening strategies of Iranian male and female foreign (English) language learners and to compare the listening strategies of both groups of research participants. A total number of 120 Iranian male and female EFL learners at Payam-e-Nour university sat for an OPT test so as to make a homogenous group. Then 76 participants were selected according to OPT criteria to sit for Cheng’s listening strategy questionnaire (2002) with subscales of '' Metacognitive , ''cognitive'', and '' Socio-affective'' strategies in the Likert-scale format. After gathering the data multiple statistical tests were run. The result indicated that Iranian EFL learners used more metacognitive strategies than cognitive and socio-affective strategies respectively and gender influenced selecting the types of strategies for listening.

 


Keywords


Learning Strategies, Listening Strategies, Metacognitive Strategies, Cognitive Strategies, Socio-affective Strategies

Full Text:

PDF

References


Anserson, J. R. (1981). Cognitive skills and their acquisition. Hillsdale, NJ: LawernceErlbaun

Bacon, S. M. (1992). The relationship between gender, comprehension, processing strategies, and cognitive and affective response in foreign language listening. The modern language Journal, 76(2), 160-178.

Bialystock, E.ole of conscious strategies in second language proficiency. Modern language Journal, 65, 13-24.

Brown, H.D. (2000). Principles of language learning and teaching (4th ed.).New York: Addison Wesley Longman, Inc

Brownell, J. (1995). Listening: attitudes, principles, and skills. The United States of America: Allyn & Bacon.

Chamot, A. U., & Kupper, L. (1989). Learning strategies in foreign language instruction. ForeignLanguage Annals, 22, 13-24.

Cheng, C. (2002). Effects on Listening Strategy Instruction on Junior High School Students. TheEleventh International Symposium on English Teaching/Fourth Pan Asian Conference.

Cohen, A. D., & Dornyei, Z. (2002). Focus on the language learner: Motivation, styles, and strategies. In N.Scmitt (Ed.), Anintroduction to applied linguistics (pp.179-190). Edward Arnold Publishers comprehension. Unpublished master’s thesis, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan. Corporation.

Dornyei, Z. (2005). The psychology of the language learner: individual defferences in second language acquisition. Lawrence Erlbaum, Mahwah, New Jersey.

Freire, P. (1970).The adult literacy process as cultural action for freedon. Harvard Educational Review, 40, 205-224.

Freire, P. (1997). Pedagogy of heart. New York: Continuum Press.

Freire, P. (1993). Pedagogy of the city. New York: Continuum Press.

Freire, P. (1998). Cultural action and conscientization.Harvard educational Review, 68 (4)

Freire, P. & Macado, D. (1987). Literacy: Reading the word and the world: London: routledge & Kegan Press.

Goh.C. (2000). Acognitiveperpectiveonlanguage learners’ listening comprehension problems. System, 28,55-75.

Hatch, E. & Farhady H. (1982). Research design and statistics for applied linguistics. Rowley: Newbury House Publishers.

Krashen, S D. (1984), Principle and Practice in Second Language Acquisition. Oxford: Pergamon Press.

Lynch, T. (1988). Listening. Oxford: Oxford University Press Macaro, E. (2006). Strategies for language learning and for language use: revising theoretical framework. Modern Language Journal, 90, 320-337.

O’Malley, j. m., & Chamot, A. U. (1990). Learning strategies in second language acquisition. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

O’Malley, J. M., & Chamot, A. U. (1990). Learning strategies in second languageacquisition.Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

Oxford, R. (19936). Research update on L2 listening. System, 21,205-211.

Oxford, R. L. (1989). Language learning strategies. N.Y: Newbury House

Oxford, R., & Cohen, A. (1992). Language learning strategies learning strategies: Crucial issues of concept and classification. Applied language Learning, 3/1 and 3/2 : 1-35.

Ozeki, N. (2000). Listening strategy instruction for female EFL college students in Japan. Unpublished PhD dissertation, Indiana University of Pennsylvania.

Politzer, R., & McGroarty, M. (1985).An exploration study of learning behaviors and their relation to gains in linguistic and communicative competence. TESOL Quarterly, 19,103-124.

Purpura, J.E. (1997). An analysis of the relationship between test takers cognitive and metacognitive strategy use and second language test performance language learning, 47,289-325.

Richards, J.C., & Rodgers, T. S. (2001). Approaches and Methods in Language Teaching. (Second Edition). USA: Cambridge University Press.

Richards, J.C., & Schmidt, R. (2002). Longman Dictionary of Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics. Pearson Education: Longman.

Rost, M., & Ross, S. (1991). Learner use of strategies in interaction: Typology and strategies. Cambridge University Press.

Scarcella, R. & Oxford, R., (1992), The Tapestry of Language Learning: The Individual in the Communicative Classroom. Boston: Heinle & Heinle.

Skehan, P. (1989) Progress in language testing: the 1990s. In J.C. Alderson (ED.), Language testing in the 1990s: the communicative Legacy (pp.3-20). London: Macmillan.

Vandergrift, L. (1997). The comprehension strategies of second language (French) listeners: A descriptive study. Foreign Language Annals, 30(3), 387~409.

Vandergrift, L. (2003). Orchestrating strategy use: Towards a model of the skilled L2 listener. Language learning, 53, 461- 491.

Vandergrift, L. (2004). Second language listening: listening ability proficiency. The Modern Language Journal 90, 6-18

Watson, G. B., & Glaser, E. M. (1980). WGCTA WatsonGlaser critical thinking appraisal manual: Forms A and Quarterly, 31(1), 72-95.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijalel.v.4n.1p.255

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.




Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

2012-2023 (CC-BY) Australian International Academic Centre PTY.LTD

International Journal of Applied Linguistics and English Literature

To make sure that you can receive messages from us, please add the journal emails into your e-mail 'safe list'. If you do not receive e-mail in your 'inbox', check your 'bulk mail' or 'junk mail' folders.