https://journals.aiac.org.au/index.php/alls/issue/feedAdvances in Language and Literary Studies2022-11-24T02:56:39+11:00ALLS Editorial Officeeditor.alls@aiac.org.auOpen Journal Systems<p><em>Advances in Language and Literary Studies (ALLS)</em> is an international peer-reviewed journal established in 2010. The purpose of this journal is to report new insight and foster cutting-edge research about the role that language and linguistics as well as language and literature. The journal encourages authors to submit original unpublished works and provides an immense opportunity for them to submit articles in the area of applied linguistics, linguistics and literary studies, in that its significance to theoretical or practical implications is clearly demonstrated. ALLS engages these approaches to deepen understanding of the relationship between language and literature. The journals welcomes papers from all prospective authors, especially from scholars and practitioners who come from low and middle income countries. The contributors are expected to treat new research, be well written and be of interest to a significant segment of the science community. The content is disseminated for free on the world wide web.</p><table width="707" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td valign="top" width="445"><p><strong>About ALLS:</strong></p><ul><li><strong>Country of Publication: </strong>Australia<strong> </strong></li><li><strong>Publisher: </strong><a title="publisher" href="http://www.aiac.org.au/" target="_blank">Australian International Academic Centre PTY.LTD.</a></li><li><strong><strong>Imprint</strong>:</strong> <a href="http://www.lulu.com/spotlight/AIAC" target="_blank">Lulu Press Inc.</a> </li><li><strong>E-ISSN</strong>: <a href="http://trove.nla.gov.au/work/190029769?q=Advances+in+Language+and+Literary+Studies&c=article&versionId=206889934" target="_blank">2203-4714</a></li><li><strong>DOI:</strong> 10.7575/aiac.alls</li><li><strong>Frequency: </strong>Bimonthly</li><li><strong>Publication Dates:</strong> |February|April|June|August|October|December|</li><li><strong>Acceptance Rate</strong>: <a href="/index.php/alls/about/history">10.50% in 2021</a></li><li><strong>Impact Factor: </strong><a href="http://ip-science.thomsonreuters.com/mjl/" target="_blank">Not Yet Available</a></li><li><strong>Format</strong>:<strong> </strong>Online & Print</li><li><strong>Scope: </strong>Language, Linguistics & Literary Studies</li><li><strong>Open Access: </strong>Yes</li><li><strong>Indexed:<a href="/index.php/alls/about/editorialPolicies#custom-0"> </a></strong><a href="/index.php/alls/about/editorialPolicies#custom-0">Yes</a></li><li><strong>Subscription Fee:</strong> <a href="/index.php/alls/about/editorialPolicies#custom-1" target="_blank">Yes</a></li><li><strong>Policy: </strong><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peer_review" target="_blank">Peer-reviewd/Refereed</a></li><li><strong>Former Name:</strong> ELT Matters [Print Version Only]</li><li><strong>Review</strong> <strong>Time: </strong>Seven Weeks Approximately</li><li><strong>E-mail: </strong>editor.alls@aiac.org.au </li><li><strong>Alternate e-mail: </strong>editor.alls@gmail.com </li></ul></td><td valign="top" width="227"><p> </p><p><img src="/public/site/images/admin/cover-page00014.jpg" alt="" /> </p></td></tr></tbody></table><div id="journalDescription"><br /><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"><tbody><tr><td valign="top" width="432"><p> <strong>Most Downloaded Articles</strong></p></td><td valign="top" width="432"><p> <strong>Most Cited Articles <em>via Google Scholar</em></strong></p></td></tr><tr><td valign="top" width="432"><ol><li>A Sociopolitical Ecofeminist Reading of Selected Animal Poems by Elizabeth Bishop <em>Read 5886 Times</em> </li><li>Saudi English Teachers’ Use of Technology in Secondary Classrooms: Perceptions, Barriers, and Suggestions for Improvement <em>Read 2492 Times</em> </li><li>Genre Analysis and Writing Skill: Improving Iranian EFL Learners Writing Performance through the Tenets of Genre Analysis <em>Read 2322 Times</em></li><li>An Analysis of Arabic-English Translation: Problems and Prospects <em>Read 1772 Times</em></li><li>The Effect of Automatic Speech Recognition EyeSpeak Software on Iraqi Students’ English Pronunciation: A Pilot Study <em>Read 1680 Times</em></li><li>The Concept of Khudi (The Self) in Iqbal’s The Secrets of the Self <em>Read 1610 Times</em></li></ol></td><td valign="top" width="432"><ol><li>Are emojis creating a new or old visual language for new generations? A socio-semiotic study <em>Cited 127 Times</em></li><li>Impact of mobile assisted language learning (MALL) on EFL: A meta-analysis <em>Cited 68 Times</em></li><li>The effect of flipped model of instruction on EFL learners’ reading comprehension: Learners’ attitudes in focus <em>Cited 67 Times</em></li><li>Google translate as a supplementary tool for learning Malay: A case study at Universiti Sains Malaysia. <em>Cited 67 Times</em></li><li>Needs Analysis in ESP Context: Saudi Engineering Students as a Case Study. <em>Cited 63 Times</em></li><li>Impact of WhatsApp on learning and retention of collocation knowledge among Iranian EFL learners <em>Cited 60 Times</em></li><li>ESL Students' Perceptions of the Use of Higher Order Thinking Skills in English Language Writing. <em>Cited 60 Times</em></li></ol><div> Updated on 20 March 2022</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>https://journals.aiac.org.au/index.php/alls/article/view/7458Language Errors Produced by Teachers of English: A Study Based on the Teachers Pursuing a Bachelor of Education Degree in Sri Lanka2022-11-18T00:41:35+11:00Anoma Abeywickremasinghe Gunawardanaanoma_ya@yahoo.comErrors are a reflection of competence level of language users. Therefore, with the purpose of understanding the competence level of teachers of English, the present study analyzed errors produced by twenty three non-native English speaking teachers pursuing a Bachelor of Education degree in Sri Lanka. Employing qualitative content analysis method, examination answer scripts and written compositions were scrutinized to identify, classify, describe and explain errors. The findings of the study revealed that these participants commit more errors than mistakes reflecting a lower competence in English. They require more improvement in grammar skills than other levels of English. Sub levels of language which need to be improved mainly are articles, prepositions, verbs, punctuation, compounds, lexical verbs and nouns and sequencing of words in sentences. Direct translations, inability to distinguish between formal and informal use of language and use of colloquial features of spoken Sri Lankan English in writing were three main reasons for producing errors and they were observed mainly in errors of articles, prepositions, lexical noun and verb phrases and sequencing of adverbial and prepositional phrases in sentences. However, the overall results of the study indicated that the participants commit errors due to interference from both first language and target language. Evaluation of overall errors produced by the participants showed that they produce more local errors which affect only the grammar of the sentences without affecting the understanding of the utterances produced. These findings mainly imply that these teachers of English still need to improve their knowledge of English and it is also possible that these errors could impact the competence level of their learners when learning the target language.2022-04-30T00:00:00+10:00Copyright (c) 2022 Anoma Abeywickremasinghe Gunawardanahttps://journals.aiac.org.au/index.php/alls/article/view/7459The Maps of identity in Frankenstein in Baghdad: National Spectrum of Iraq in Post-20032022-11-18T00:43:47+11:00Rawad Alhashmirawadfreelancer@gmail.comThis article focuses on the English translation of Ahmed Saadawi’s Frankenstein in Baghdad (2018), emphasizing the direct connection between home and identity in Iraq against the backdrop of colonial Baghdad. Saadawi’s text manifests a sophisticated and intricate allegory of Iraqi society in terms of identity and socio-political upheaval in the aftermath of the American invasion of Iraq in 2003. Through the metaphor of “the Whatsitsname,” which comprises different ethnicities of the Iraqi people, Saadawi questions the quintessence of Iraqi identity elucidated as fragmented parts of a human body with one soul. I argue that by relying on the metaphoric references, Saadawi establishes the Whatsitsname as a national figure by addressing Iraqi identity on multiple levels: linguistically, historically, culturally, and archeologically. To that end, I seek to underscore the direct relationship between ‘home’ and identity in Saadawi’s text with emphasis on the linguistic designation of the Whatsitsname, the historical significance and cultural diversity of Baghdad, as well as the archaeological heritage of Iraq. In this way, Saadawi embodies the collective identity of the entire Iraqi community in a cogent spectrum and aims to reconstruct the Iraqi identity in post-2003, something that the Iraqi government has failed to establish or recognize. Here, Saadawi constructs Iraqi identity narratives in post-2003 by representing the entire spectrum of Iraq against the backdrop of sectarian violence, political decay, displacement, war, and occupation.2022-04-30T00:00:00+10:00Copyright (c) 2022 Rawad Alhashmihttps://journals.aiac.org.au/index.php/alls/article/view/7460Fatherly Advice, A Fairytale from the Badia of Jordan: An analysis Using Propp’s Model2022-11-18T02:04:24+11:00Abdulateef Almarayehm.alenazy@ahu.edu.joMamdouh Ayed Alenazym.alenazy@ahu.edu.joThis study aims at investigating the Jordanian Bedouin folklore “Fatherly Advice”, as the first of its kind regarding the Bedouin tales, to reveal its constructive elements narratively. Propp’s narrative model is employed as a theoretical framework qualitatively study and a descriptive method application. The chosen tale has some of the constructive elements presented by Propp. The chosen tale has 19 of the constructive elements presented by Propp. However, these functions do not preserve the same order as suggested by Propp. This local class tale deals with ethics, morality, and wisdom. The research paper will be valuable for prospective researchers who wish to conduct research on cultural folklores in the context of the Jordanian Badia or any other similar contexts.2022-04-30T00:00:00+10:00Copyright (c) 2022 Abdulateef Almarayeh, Mamdouh Ayed Alenazyhttps://journals.aiac.org.au/index.php/alls/article/view/7461Challenges of Online English Literature Learning and Assessment in Private Universities of Bangladesh during Covid-19 Pandemic: Students’ Perspectives2022-11-18T02:07:54+11:00Safi Ullahsafi.ullah@shu.edu.bd- Moniruzzamansafi.ullah@shu.edu.bdMd. Mahroof Hossainsafi.ullah@shu.edu.bdDuring the Covid-19 pandemic situation, the English literature learning and assessment have moved from classroom form to online form. This study emphasizes on the challenges of online English literature learning and students’ experience and expectation regarding online English literature course assessment in private universities of Bangladesh. English literature students were invited to participate in the survey and 326 students from 10 private universities partook. Students dwelling in towns and villages addressed their problems what they experienced while attending online literature class and assessment. Previous researches shed light on abrupt transit to online education in different countries including Bangladesh, voices and views of teachers and students of English and other departments, even on language courses, but none of them addressed the situation English literature students of private universities undergo during the pandemic of Covid-19, which stopped on-sight education across the globe. This paper determines to elaborate the challenges, experience, expectation and overall voices of English literature students from private universities of Bangladesh regarding online literature class and assessment. This qualitative research labels students’ exact problems and recommendation which will help minimize the loss of students’ learning, thus, will benefit the students of English literature of Bangladeshi private universities. The findings will also assist the instructors to overcome the challenges of online English literature teaching and assessment.2022-04-30T00:00:00+10:00Copyright (c) 2022 Safi Ullah, - Moniruzzaman, Md. Mahroof Hossainhttps://journals.aiac.org.au/index.php/alls/article/view/7462Sitcoms and EFL Learners’ Foreign Language Anxiety and Motivation for Learning2022-11-18T02:12:05+11:00Mohammadreza Valizadehmrvalizadeh2015@gmail.comThe use of movies in EFL classes has attracted the attention of researchers interested in this area. The use of sitcoms, as a type of audio-visual material, for language learning has been studied but not extensively. This study examined the effect of sitcoms on EFL learners’ foreign language anxiety (FLA) and motivation for learning. A pretest/posttest experimental research design was used to collect the participants’ scores on motivation and FLA scales before and after the treatment. Two intact groups, each consisting of 35 language learners, who were evaluated as pre-intermediate language learners based on the language institute’s assessment standards, were selected and assigned to different conditions. FLA instrument and Foreign Language Learning Motivation Questionnaire (FLLMQ) were used to collect the data. The learners’ scores on the two scales and their components were estimated through running independent samples t-tests and Cohen’s test. The results revealed that watching sitcoms significantly affected the EFL learners’ motivation for learning. Sitcoms also decreased learners’ FLA and test anxiety. The use of sitcoms in the classroom is also feasible and practical in multimedia settings. Language learners can laugh and have fun while watching the videos. In order to prepare language learners for listening and speaking lessons, teachers are encouraged to offer sitcoms. The findings can be theoretically and practically used by language teachers.2022-04-30T00:00:00+10:00Copyright (c) 2022 Mohammadreza Valizadehhttps://journals.aiac.org.au/index.php/alls/article/view/7468Non Verbal Cues and Gender Bias in Select Indian TV Advertisements2022-11-24T02:27:14+11:00K. Saradhambikasaradha.k@gmail.comGender and Media, especially gender portrayal in advertisements, have been researched and discussed over the years leading to many changes in the way women are portrayed in the ads. Have we reached a stage where our ads depict equality? While explicit discriminatory references and objectification of women have reduced, there are non-verbal cues in the advertisements that reiterate the gender stereotypes, playing on the psyche of the consumers, thereby further strengthening the biases. This study analysed selected Indian TV ads based on three non-verbal parameters: Kinesics, Paralanguage, and Environment Setting to validate the hypothesis. The evidence in these ads reinforces the age-old stereotypes of men being career-focused, assertive and independent, whereas women are shown as loving wives and mothers, responsible for raising children and doing housework. It is time for our media industry to actively look at the subtle and non-verbal messaging that continues to propagate sales and revisit the content in the light of their moral responsibility towards society. As we work towards total integration of gender roles, it is important for advertisements to provide appropriate gender representation and powerful models of behaviour to emulate.2022-04-30T00:00:00+10:00Copyright (c) 2022 K. Saradhambikahttps://journals.aiac.org.au/index.php/alls/article/view/7469Introducing and Translating Al-Fuzai’s ‘The Slap’2022-11-24T02:29:07+11:00Gassim H. Dohaldr_waitme@hotmail.comIn ‘The Slap’1, Al-Fuzai depicts a conflict between a husband’s mother and her daughter-in-law. This is a problem every newly married couple faces because in many Arab communities, a bridegroom usually prefers, and is socially encouraged, to live with his parents. Hence, the issue is cultural; cultures might be introduced through translation. Al-Fuzai addresses this social issue in ‘The Slap’, trying to criticize the social context a new wife is put in (Dohal, 2018 a, p.27). A responsible individual should create a healthy environment where all members of the family can practice their rights and continue their life in comfort and prosperity; such an environment is not provided in this story. ‘The Slap’ represents an example of Al-Fuzai’s literary writings (Dohal, 2021, p.746). It is translated and introduced here for the first time for readers who have no access to Arabic. In addition, it handles a social issue some people may not give enough attention to.2022-04-30T00:00:00+10:00Copyright (c) 2022 Gassim H. Dohalhttps://journals.aiac.org.au/index.php/alls/article/view/7470Variability in Second Language Indefinite Article Productions in End-State Speech2022-11-24T02:30:46+11:00Vasfiye Geçkinvgeckin@gmail.comVariability in the form of article (i.e., a and the) omissions and stressing has been attributed to a mismatch between first (L1) and second language (L2) prosodic and syntactic structures. An overlap between the L1 and L2 systems, on the other hand, is expected to contribute to native-like article productions. This case study aims to explore the role of L1 prosodic structure (Turkish, Spanish and English) and syntactic environment (nouns with and without adjectives) on article productions of two end-state L2 speakers and one Australian-English native speaker. The data consisted of a sentence imitation task and spontaneous speech recordings of these three speakers. Article use patterns in the data were coded as supplied and omitted, and indefinite article durations were excised and measured using PRAAT. The findings suggest that the presence of an adjective in the noun clause increases cognitive demand, since irrespective of the L1 background, all the speakers had longer indefinite article durations in contexts with an adjective. Second, the Turkish speaker, whose L1 has a different prosodic and syntactic structure from Spanish and English for encoding definiteness, had higher rates of article stressing and omissions in contexts with an adjective. Third, L1 prosodic constraints can be responsible for article stressing and omissions in end-state L2 speech since only the prosodic transfer hypothesis predicts a difference in article durations between the two syntactic environments within the interlanguage of the same speaker. Despite long years of exposure to and frequent daily use of the L2, the persistent difficulty in article productions, as reported in this paper, may imply the importance of age of acquisition in overriding certain L1 prosodic effects in acquiring an L2.2022-04-30T00:00:00+10:00Copyright (c) 2022 Vasfiye Geçkinhttps://journals.aiac.org.au/index.php/alls/article/view/7471Boundary-Breaking Love and The Modern Nation-State: Ngũgĩwa Thiong’o’s The River Between and Weep Not, Child2022-11-24T02:33:03+11:00Felicia Anninfannin@uesd.edu.ghThe work of Kenyan writer, Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o, is striking for the dominance of the intimate relationships it displays. From the first novels in the early 1960s to the novels published in the past few years, romantic love seems to play a very significant role in Ngũgĩ’s understanding of the degraded society around him and his vision of a future better society. This is the case for his short fiction and plays also. Politically, Ngũgĩ identifies himself as a Marxist, anticolonialist/imperialist, anti-capitalist writer, for whom there is no contradiction between an aesthetic and political project. The paper explores the role of the romantic love relationship in Ngũgĩ’s first two novels: Weep Not, Child and The River Between. It considers the specifics of the relationships presented across these two novels and the significance of these relationships. Key ideas include love as breaking boundaries of ethnicity, religion and class in the creation of a modern nation, in which traditional cultural values are still held dear by Ngũgĩ. The paper juxtaposes Ngũgĩ’s attempt to conceptualize intimate relationship in the two novels to that of Sommer’s study of the Latin-American romances of the nineteenth and early part of the twentieth century. The findings indicate that Ngũgĩ’s romantic reconciliation championed in the two novels as compared to Sommer’s “erotics and politics” seemed unattainable. The implication reveals that the Latin American romances brought about unity and reconciliation in building the nation while Ngũgĩ’s romances seem to divide the Kenyan nation rather than bridging the gap created by education and Christianity. This paper concludes that romantic love fails as a unifier while the love of mother emerges as a saviour.2022-04-30T00:00:00+10:00Copyright (c) 2022 Felicia Anninhttps://journals.aiac.org.au/index.php/alls/article/view/7472A Structural Study of Narrative in Irish Myths and Folktales2022-11-24T02:56:39+11:00Armin Zamaniarmin.zamany@yahoo.comUnderstanding how collections of various stories without a sole writer or narrator have come to be can seem very intriguing. Jeremiah Curtin collected numerous tales and stories as he traveled throughout Ireland and listened to citizens tell him stories which he compiled in three volumes, two of which, Hero-Tales of Ireland, and Myths and Folktales of Ireland, this study intends to investigate. They contain 44 stories of Irish myths and folktales altogether, from various cycles of Irish mythology; theories of Vladimir Propp help this article examine the narration and the narrative functions of the selected stories. The links between folklore and literature, history, reality, and time are also discussed; moreover, the Structuralist approach reveals much about the storytelling art rooted in the Irish culture has 38 narrative functions, as opposed to Propp’s 31 functions, are found within these stories which always follow the same order, whether they are active or not. Furthermore, the role of the narrators and their presence, the characters they use, and the motifs of each cycle of Irish mythology are discussed.2022-04-30T00:00:00+10:00Copyright (c) 2022 Armin Zamani