Bronchial Brushing Increases the Diagnostic Yield of Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy in Bronchogenic Carcinoma

Recep Bedir, Servet Kayhan, Ibrahim Şehitoğlu, Halit Çınarka, Aziz Gümüş, Aysel Kurt, Hasan Güçer, Cüneyt Yurdakul, Ünal Şahin

Abstract


Background: The importance of rapid and accurate cytopathological diagnosis in bronchial cancers is increasing due to advances in treatment modalities.

Aims: We evaluated the diagnostic methods and cytologic subtypes of bronchial cancers to determine the diagnostic reliability of different bronchoscopic techniques.

Material and methods: Retrospective data were obtained from the hospital files and pathological specimens of the patients with diagnosis of primary lung cancer from a period of 36 months. Cytological tumor typing was determined using histopathology of bronchoscopic forceps biopsy (FB), bronchial-bronchoalveolar lavage (BL), bronchial brushing (BB), transbronchial fine-needle biopsy. Computed tomography or ultrasonography guided transthoracic biopsy and surgical biopsies were used where the other interventional methods were inadequate for diagnosis.

Results: A total of 124 patients were diagnosed during study period. 119 (96%) of them were male. The median age was 68, ranging between 36 and 88 years. Histopathologic subtypes were determined as non-small cell carcinoma (NSCC) in 104 (83.9%), squamous cell carcinoma in 64 (51.6%), adenocarcinoma in 16 (12.9%), NSCC not otherwise specified in 24 (19.3%) and small cell carcinoma in 20 (16.1%) patients. The combination of FB, BL and BB established the diagnosis of bronchogenic carcinoma in most of the cases (92.6%).

Conclusions: Lung cancer is seen commonly in elderly male patients with smoking history and squamous cell carcinoma is the most common cytologic type. High diagnostic accuracy can be achieved by a combination of bronchoscopic FB, BB and BL procedures.

 

Keywords: Bronchoscopy; Lung cancer; Bronchial brushing


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References


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